Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.2018,9, 1844–1855, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.176
dissolutionprocess; frequency modulation atomic force microscopy; high-speed atomic-resolution imaging; phase-locked loop; Introduction
Frequency modulation atomic force microscopy (FM-AFM) is a powerful tool for investigating atomic- and molecular-scale structures of sample surfaces in various environments
imaging of calcite dissolution in water at 0.5 s/frame with true atomic resolution. The high-speed and high-resolution imaging capabilities of the proposed design will enable a wide range of studies to be conducted on various atomic-scale dynamic phenomena at solid–liquid interfaces.
Keywords: calcite
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Figure 1:
Basic designs of (a) M-PLL and (b) S-PLL circuits.